Kuki 5G (NR) ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya MIMO?

I. Ikoranabuhanga rya MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) ryongera itumanaho ridafite insinga rikoresha antene nyinshi haba kuri transmitter na receiver. Ritanga ibyiza bikomeye nko kongera itumanaho rikoresha amakuru, kwagura uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amakuru, kunoza ubwizerwe, kongera ubudahangarwa ku buryo bworoshye, imikorere myiza ya spectrum, gushyigikira itumanaho rikoresha abantu benshi, no kuzigama ingufu, bigatuma riba ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu miyoboro ya none idafite insinga nka Wi-Fi, 4G, na 5G.

II. Ibyiza bya MIMO
MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) ni ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa muri sisitemu z'itumanaho, cyane cyane itumanaho ridafite insinga na radiyo, rikoresha antene nyinshi haba kuri transmitter na receiver. Inyungu za sisitemu za MIMO zirimo:

(cyangwa se1）Gukoresha amakuru menshi: Imwe mu nyungu z'ingenzi za MIMO ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera uburyo amakuru asohoka. Binyuze mu gukoresha antene nyinshi ku mpande zombi (zohereza no kwakira), sisitemu za MIMO zishobora kohereza no kwakira amakuru menshi icyarimwe, bityo zikongera igipimo cy'amakuru, ingenzi mu bihe bikenewe cyane nko kureba amashusho ya HD cyangwa imikino yo kuri interineti.

(cyangwa se2（Uburyo bwo Gukwirakwiza Amakuru: MIMO yongera uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amakuru mu buryo bw'itumanaho ridafite insinga. Ikoresheje antene nyinshi, ibimenyetso bishobora koherezwa mu byerekezo cyangwa mu nzira zitandukanye, bigabanye amahirwe yo kuzimira cyangwa guhungabanya amakuru. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu bidukikije bifite imbogamizi cyangwa guhungabanya amakuru.

(cyangwa se3）Kurushaho Kwizerwa: Sisitemu za MIMO zizewe cyane kuko zikoresha ubudasa bw'ahantu kugira ngo zigabanye ingaruka zo gucika no kubangamirana. Iyo inzira imwe cyangwa antene ihuye n'ikibazo cyangwa gucika, indi nzira ishobora kohereza amakuru; uku gusubirwamo gushimangira ukwizerwa kw'umurongo w'itumanaho.

(cyangwa se4）Ubudahangarwa Bukomeye bwo Kubangamira Interference: Sisitemu za MIMO zigaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’interference ziturutse ku bindi bikoresho bidafite insinga ndetse n’ibidukikije. Gukoresha antene nyinshi bituma habaho uburyo bugezweho bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso nko kuyungurura ikirere, bishobora kuyungurura interference n’urusaku.

(cyangwa se5）Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Spectrum: Sisitemu za MIMO zigira ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya spectrum, bivuze ko zishobora kohereza amakuru menshi zikoresheje ingano imwe ya spectrum iboneka. Ibi ni ingenzi iyo spectrum iboneka ari nke.

(cyangwa se6Ubufasha bw'abakoresha benshi: MIMO ifasha abakoresha benshi icyarimwe binyuze mu gukwirakwiza amakuru mu buryo bwa "spatial multiplexing". Buri mukoresha ashobora guhabwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha amakuru mu buryo bwa "spatial", butuma abakoresha benshi bashobora kugera kuri interineti nta nzitizi zikomeye.

(cyangwa se7） Kongera Ingufu Zikoreshwa: Ugereranije na sisitemu zisanzwe zikoresha antene imwe, sisitemu za MIMO zishobora gukoresha ingufu neza kurushaho. Mu kunoza ikoreshwa rya antene nyinshi, MIMO ishobora kohereza amakuru angana hamwe n'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi rito.

(cyangwa se8）Guhuza n'ibikorwa remezo bihari: Ikoranabuhanga rya MIMO rishobora guhuzwa n'ibikorwa remezo by'itumanaho bihari, bigatuma riba amahitamo meza yo kuvugurura imiyoboro ya wireless idasaba kuvugururwa cyane.

Muri make, ikoranabuhanga rya MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), rifite ibyiza bitandukanye nko kunoza uburyo amakuru asohoka, uburyo akwirakwizwa, uburyo bwizewe, uburyo bwo kwirinda guhungabanya amakuru, uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ikoranabuhanga, uburyo abantu benshi bakoresha, ndetse n'uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu neza, ryabaye ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze mu itumanaho rigezweho rikoresha insinga, harimo Wi-Fi, 4G, na 5G.

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