Itumanaho rya satelite rigira uruhare runini mu bikorwa bya gisirikare n’ibya gisivili bigezweho, ariko kuba rishobora kwivanga byatumye habaho uburyo butandukanye bwo kurwanya impanuka. Iyi nkuru ivuga muri make ikoranabuhanga ritandatu ry’ingenzi ryo mu mahanga: ikoranabuhanga rikwirakwiza amakuru, gukoresha inyuguti no guhindura imiterere y’amakuru, gukoresha antene mu kurwanya impanuka, gukoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya amakuru mu ndege, gukoresha uburyo bwo guhindura imiterere y’amakuru, no gukoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya amakuru mu buryo bw’amakuru, hamwe n’uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru, gusesengura amahame n’ikoreshwa ryabyo.
1. Ikoranabuhanga rya Spread Spectrum
Spread spectrum yongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya jamming binyuze mu kwagura bandwidth y'amajwi, bigagabanya ubucucike bw'amajwi. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) ikoresha amakode ya pseudo-random kugira ngo yongere bandwidth y'amajwi, igakwirakwiza ingufu za narrowband interference. Ibi ni ingenzi mu itumanaho rya gisirikare rya satelite, rirwanya jamming nkana (urugero, co-frequency cyangwa internet noise interference) kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza ubutumwa n'amakuru mu buryo bw'umutekano.
2. Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gutunganya Amakode no Guhindura Imiterere
Kode zigezweho zo gukosora amakosa (urugero, Turbo codes, LDPC) hamwe na modulation yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (urugero, PSK, QAM) zinoza imikorere ya spectral mu gihe zigabanya amakosa aterwa no kubangamirana. Urugero, LDPC ifite QAM yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yongera serivisi z'ubucuruzi za satelite (urugero, HDTV, interineti) kandi zigatuma habaho itumanaho rikomeye rya gisirikare mu turere duhanganye.
3. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kurwanya gufunga antena
Antene zihindura imiterere y'imirasire kugira ngo zihagarike ibyuma bihungabanya imikorere y'amatara. Antene zihindura imiterere y'amatara ziyobora ibintu bidakora ku buryo bibangamira imiterere y'amatara, mu gihe antene zihindura imiterere y'amatara zikoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gutunganya imiterere y'amatara mu gushungura imiterere y'ahantu. Izi ni ingenzi muri SATCOM ya gisirikare kugira ngo irwanye ibitero by'intambara by'ikoranabuhanga.
4. Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gutunganya mu bwato (OBP)
OBP ikora uburyo bwo gukuraho ibimenyetso, gusesengura no kohereza ubutumwa kuri satelite, bigabanyiriza intege nke zo kunyura ku butaka. Ibikorwa bya gisirikare birimo gucunga neza ibikorwa byo mu gace runaka kugira ngo hirindwe ko abantu babimenya kandi bagatanga umutungo mu buryo bwiza kugira ngo birusheho kunozwa.
5. Gutunganya Transform-Domain
Ubuhanga nka FFT na wavelet buhindura ibimenyetso bigahinduka imiterere y'amajwi cyangwa imiterere y'amajwi kugira ngo bihuzwe n'uburyo bwo gushakisha amakuru. Ibi birwanya uburyo bwo gukurura amakuru mu buryo bwa interineti no guhindagurika kw'igihe, bikongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu mu buryo bugoye mu bidukikije by'amashanyarazi.
6. Gutunganya Amplitude-Domain
Imipaka na Automatic Gain Control (AGC) bigabanya imbaraga zikomeye zibangamira itumanaho (urugero: inkuba cyangwa gukubita kw'umwanzi), bikingira inzira zakira amakuru no kubungabunga umutekano w'aho aturuka.
7. Ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'imikoranire
Guhindura mu buryo bwihuse uburyo bwo kwandika, guhindura amakuru, n'ibipimo by'amakuru bishingiye ku miterere y'imiyoboro (urugero, SNR, BER) bitanga itumanaho ryizewe nubwo hari ikirere cyangwa ikibazo cy'umutekano muke. Inzego za gisirikare zibikoresha mu guhangana n'ibibazo by'intambara.
Umwanzuro
Ikoranabuhanga ryo mu mahanga rirwanya guhungabanya umutekano rikoresha uburyo butandukanye bugizwe no gutunganya ibimenyetso, kwandika no guhindura imikorere. Ikoreshwa rya gisirikare rishyira imbere imbaraga n'umutekano, mu gihe porogaramu z'ubucuruzi zibanda ku gukora neza. Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rishobora guhuza ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina n'uburyo bwo kuyitunganya mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo bihindagurika.
Chengdu Concept Microwave Technology CO., Ltd ni uruganda rw'umwuga rukora ibice bya 5G/6G RF bikoreshwa mu itumanaho rya satelite mu Bushinwa, birimo RF lowpass filter, highpass filter, bandpass filter, notch filter/band stop filter, duplexer, Power divider na directional coupler. Byose bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye.
Murakaza neza kuri interineti yacu:www.concept-mw.comcyangwa udusange kuri:sales@concept-mw.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-29-2025