Nyuma yo gutangiza 5G mu bucuruzi, ibiganiro kuri yo byavuguruwe cyane vuba aha. Abazi neza 5G bazi ko imiyoboro ya 5G ikora cyane cyane ku miyoboro ibiri ya frequencies: sub-6GHz na millimeter waves (Millimeter Waves). Mu by'ukuri, imiyoboro yacu ya LTE ishingiye kuri sub-6GHz, mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rya millimeter wave ari ryo pfundo ryo gufungura ubushobozi bwose bw'igihe cya 5G cyitezwe. Ikibabaje ni uko nubwo habayeho iterambere ry'imyaka myinshi mu itumanaho rya telefoni zigendanwa, millimeter waves ntiragera mu buzima bw'abantu bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye.
Ariko, impuguke mu nama ya Brooklyn 5G muri Mata zavuze ko imiraba ya terahertz (Terahertz Waves) ishobora kwishyura inenge z'imiraba ya milimetero no kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya 6G/7G. Imiraba ya Terahertz ifite ubushobozi butagira imipaka.
Muri Mata, Inama ya 6 ya Brooklyn 5G yateranye nk'uko byari biteganyijwe, ikubiyemo ingingo nko gushyiraho 5G, amasomo yigishijwe, n'icyerekezo cy'iterambere rya 5G. Byongeye kandi, Porofeseri Gerhard Fettweis wo muri Kaminuza y'Ikoranabuhanga ya Dresden na Ted Rappaport, washinze NYU Wireless, baganiriye ku bushobozi bw'imiraba ya terahertz muri iyo nama.
Impuguke zombi zavuze ko abashakashatsi batangiye kwiga ku miraba ya terahertz, kandi ko imirongo yayo izaba ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ritagezweho ridafite insinga. Mu ijambo rye muri iyo nama, Fettweis yasuzumye ikoranabuhanga rya telefoni zigendanwa ryakozwe mu bihe byashize anaganira ku bushobozi bw’imiraba ya terahertz mu gukemura ibibazo bya 5G. Yagaragaje ko turimo kwinjira mu gihe cya 5G, ingenzi mu ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga nka interineti y’ibintu (IoT) na augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR). Nubwo 6G isa cyane n’iy’ibihe byashize, izakemura n’ibibazo byinshi.
None se, ni iki mu by'ukuri imiraba ya terahertz, impuguke ziha agaciro cyane? Imiraba ya Terahertz yatanzwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2004 kandi yashyizwe ku rutonde rw' "Ikoranabuhanga icumi rya mbere rizahindura isi." Uburebure bwayo buri hagati ya mikorometero 3 (μm) na 1000 μm, naho uburebure bwayo buri hagati ya 300 GHz na 3 terahertz (THz), iri hejuru y'umubare munini ukoreshwa muri 5G, ari wo 300 GHz kuri millimetero.
Dukurikije igishushanyo kiri hejuru, bigaragara ko imiraba ya terahertz iri hagati y’imiraba ya radiyo n’imiraba y’urumuri, ibi bikaba biyiha imiterere itandukanye n’indi miraba ya electromagnetic ku rugero runaka. Mu yandi magambo, imiraba ya terahertz ihuza ibyiza byo gutumanaho muri mikoroonde n’itumanaho ry’urumuri, nko kohereza ubutumwa bwinshi, ubushobozi bunini, icyerekezo gikomeye, umutekano mwinshi, no kwinjira cyane.
Mu buryo bw’imitekerereze, mu rwego rw’itumanaho, uko inshuro nyinshi zigenda ziyongera, ni ko ubushobozi bw’itumanaho burushaho kuba bwinshi. Inshuro umuraba wa terahertz ugera kuri 1 kugeza kuri 4 z’ubunini ugereranyije na mikoroonde zikoreshwa ubu, kandi ishobora gutanga igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru mu buryo butaziguye mikoroonde idashobora kugeraho. Kubwibyo, ishobora gukemura ikibazo cyo kohereza amakuru ku buryo bugengwa na bandwidth no guhaza ibyifuzo by’umukoresha.
Biteganijwe ko imiraba ya Terahertz izakoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho mu myaka icumi iri imbere. Nubwo impuguke nyinshi zizera ko imiraba ya terahertz izahindura urwego rw'itumanaho, ntibiramenyekana neza inenge runaka ishobora gukemura. Ibi biterwa nuko abakora terefone zigendanwa hirya no hino ku isi baherutse gutangiza imiyoboro yabo ya 5G, kandi bizatwara igihe kugira ngo hamenyekane inenge.
Ariko, imiterere y’imiraba ya terahertz yamaze kugaragaza ibyiza byayo. Urugero, imiraba ya terahertz ifite uburebure bw’umurambararo bugufi kandi ifite frequencies nyinshi kurusha imiraba ya milimetero. Ibi bivuze ko imiraba ya terahertz ishobora kohereza amakuru vuba kandi mu bwinshi. Kubwibyo, kwinjiza imiraba ya terahertz mu miyoboro ya telefoni bishobora gukemura ikibazo cya 5G mu gutanga amakuru no gutinda.
Fettweis yanagaragaje ibisubizo by'ibizamini mu ijambo rye, bigaragaza ko umuvuduko wo kohereza imiraba ya terahertz ari terabyte 1 ku isegonda (TB/s) muri metero 20. Nubwo iyi mikorere idatangaje cyane, Ted Rappaport aracyahamya neza ko imiraba ya terahertz ari ishingiro rya 6G ndetse na 7G mu gihe kizaza.
Nk’umuntu watangije ubushakashatsi ku miraba ya milimetero, Rappaport yagaragaje uruhare rw’imiraba ya milimetero mu miyoboro ya 5G. Yemeye ko bitewe n’inshuro imiraba ya terahertz ikoreshwa ndetse n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu rijyanye na telefoni, abantu bazabona vuba telefoni zigezweho zifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha mudasobwa nk’ubwonko bw’umuntu mu gihe cya vuba.
Birumvikana ko ku rugero runaka, ibi byose ari ibintu bidafite ishingiro. Ariko niba iterambere rikomeje uko riri ubu, dushobora kwitega kubona abakora terefone zigendanwa bakoresha imiraba ya terahertz mu ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Concept Microwave ni uruganda rw'umwuga rukora ibice bya 5G RF mu Bushinwa, birimo RF lowpass filter, highpass filter, bandpass filter, notch filter/band stop filter, duplexer, Power divider na directional coupler. Byose bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-25-2024