5G Advanced izakomeza kutuyobora mu gihe kizaza cy’ikoranabuhanga. Nk’iterambere ryimbitse ry’ikoranabuhanga rya 5G, 5G Advanced ntabwo ari intambwe ikomeye mu itumanaho gusa, ahubwo ni n’umuhinzi w’igihe cy’ikoranabuhanga. Iterambere ryayo nta gushidikanya ko ari inkingi y’iterambere ryacu, ariko kandi igaragaza ubwiza butagira ingano bw’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Uko 5G Advanced iteye imbere bitanga ishusho ishimishije. Ku isi yose, abakora n'ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga barimo gushyiraho imiyoboro ya 5G Advanced kugira ngo bahaze icyifuzo gikomeje kwiyongera cyo guhuza. Iri terambere ryateje impinduka mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, rituma tubona ubushobozi bwo gutumanaho butigeze bubaho. 5G Advanced ntabwo irakira gusa ibintu by'ibanze bya 5G nko kwihuta cyane, gutinda guke no kugira ubushobozi bwinshi, ahubwo inazana udushya twinshi. Itanga serivisi nziza z'itumanaho n'ishingiro rikomeye ry'ibikorwa bitandukanye bishya. Iterambere ry'iri koranabuhanga rizarenga itumanaho rigendanwa, rigire ingaruka ku mijyi igezweho, ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, ubuvuzi n'ibindi byinshi.
Ariko, inzira iri imbere ya 5G Advanced ntabwo iburamo imbogamizi. Ibi birimo kuvugurura ibikorwaremezo, gucunga ikoranabuhanga, umutekano n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bwite, nibindi. Nyamara izi mbogamizi ni zo zidutera imbaraga, zituma dukomeza guhanga udushya kugira ngo 5G Advanced itere imbere neza. Mu ngingo zikurikira, tuzareba byimbitse aho 5G Advanced igeze mu iterambere, turebe imbogamizi ihura nazo, tunasesengure amahirwe azaza. 5G Advanced yamaze guhindura uburyo bwacu bwo gutumanaho, kandi izakomeza guhindura ubuzima bwacu bw'ikoranabuhanga mu gihe kizaza. Iri terambere ni ingenzi cyane kandi tugomba kurishyiramo imbaraga, kandi dufite inshingano zo kugira uruhare rugaragara no guteza imbere iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo tuyobore ahazaza h'ikoranabuhanga.
01. Kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo
Kugira ngo 5G Advanced ikoreshwe neza bisaba kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo bikomeye kugira ngo ishyigikire itumanaho ryihuse, ryizewe kandi riri hejuru, harimo inyubako nshya za sitasiyo, kwagura itumanaho rito rya selile, no gushyiraho umuyoboro wa fiber optique ufite ubucucike bwinshi. Iyi gahunda isaba imari nyinshi mu gihe ihura n’imbogamizi zishobora kubaho mu rwego rw’ubutaka n’ibidukikije.
Verizon muri Amerika yatangiye kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo bya 5G Advanced, ikoresha imiyoboro ya 5G Ultra Wideband mu mijyi imwe n'imwe, itanga umuvuduko wihuta cyane kandi udatinda cyane, ibyo bikaba byongera ubunararibonye bw'abakoresha mu gihe ihanga amahirwe menshi yo gukoresha IoT n'imodoka zigenga. Ariko, ibi si ibintu byoroshye, bisaba guhangana n'ibibazo nk'ibibazo by'ubwubatsi, ibibazo by'imari, guhuza igenamigambi ry'umujyi n'ibindi. Ingorane zo kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo zirimo no gushyiraho ikoranabuhanga rishya, kwemeza ko ingufu zitangwa mu buryo burambye, no guhuza gahunda z'iterambere ry'imijyi.
02. Imicungire ya Spectrum
Gucunga neza uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya 5G Advanced ni ikindi kibazo gikomeye ku iterambere rya 5G Advanced. Gucunga neza uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru mu byiciro bitandukanye kugira ngo hirindwe kubangamira no kongera imikorere y’umuyoboro ni ingenzi mu gutuma ibikorwa bya 5G Advanced bigerwaho neza. Byongeye kandi, guhangana kwa ikoranabuhanga rya spectrum bishobora gutera ipiganwa rikomeye, bigasaba uburyo bukwiye bwo guhuza amakuru.
Urugero, Ofcom mu Bwongereza ni umuhanga mu gucunga spectrum, akaba aherutse gukora cyamunara za spectrum kugira ngo ashyireho andi matsinda ya 5G kugira ngo yorohereze iterambere rya 5G Advanced. Iki gikorwa kizashishikariza abakora kwagura uburyo bwo gukoresha 5G no kunoza uburyo bwo kuyigeraho. Ariko, gucunga spectrum biracyasaba ibiganiro bitoroshye n'igenamigambi hagati ya za guverinoma, amashyirahamwe y'inganda n'amasosiyete kugira ngo habeho ikoreshwa neza ry'umutungo wa spectrum. Ingorane zo gucunga spectrum zirimo no guhuza amatsinda, amarushanwa ya cyamunara no gushobora gusangira spectrum.
03. Umutekano n'ibanga
Porogaramu nini ya 5G Advanced izashyiramo ibikoresho byinshi n'uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru, bigatuma imiyoboro y'itumanaho irushaho kwibasirwa n'ibitero bibi. Bityo umutekano w'imiyoboro y'itumanaho uba ingenzi. Hagati aho, ibibazo by'ubuzima bwite bigomba gukemurwa bihagije kugira ngo amakuru bwite y'abakoresha akomeze kubungabungwa.
Huawei ni ikigo gikomeye gitanga ibikoresho bya 5G Advanced network, ariko hari ibihugu bimwe byagaragaje impungenge ku mutekano. Bityo ubufatanye bwa hafi hagati ya za leta n'ibigo by'itumanaho kugira ngo umutekano w'ibikoresho ugerweho ni ikintu cy'ingenzi. Ariko, umutekano w'imiyoboro uracyari urubuga rugenda ruhinduka rusaba ubushakashatsi n'iterambere birambye n'ishoramari ry'umutungo kugira ngo imiyoboro irinde ibibazo. Ingorane z'umutekano w'imiyoboro zirimo no kugenzura intege nke z'imiyoboro, gusangira amakuru y'ibibazo, no gushyiraho politiki z'umutekano.
04. Amategeko n'amabwiriza
Imiterere ya 5G Advanced mu mahanga yose bivuze guhangana n'ibibazo by'amategeko n'amabwiriza mu bihugu bitandukanye n'inzego zitandukanye. Guhuza amategeko n'amahame atandukanye biragoye ariko ni ingenzi kugira ngo habaho guhuza kw'isi yose.
Mu rubanza rufatika, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi washyizeho 5G Cybersecurity Toolbox kugira ngo ihuze umutekano w’umuyoboro wa 5G w’ibihugu bigize umuryango. Iyi toolbox igamije gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho bihuriweho mu kurinda imiyoboro ya 5G. Ariko, itandukaniro riri hagati y’amategeko n’itandukaniro ry’umuco mu bihugu no mu turere riracyari ikibazo, bisaba ubufatanye n’ubufatanye kugira ngo bikemuke. Ingorane z’amategeko n’amabwiriza zirimo kandi gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura guverinoma, gushyiraho amasezerano mpuzamahanga, no kurengera uburenganzira bw’umutungo mu by’ubwenge.
05. Ibibazo bya rubanda
Mu iterambere rya 5G rigezweho, bamwe mu baturage bagaragaje impungenge z’ibyago ku buzima bitewe n’imirasire ishobora guturuka, nubwo umuryango w’abahanga mu bya siyansi wemeza ko imyuka ihumanya ya 5G ari myiza. Ubwo bwoba bushobora gutuma imirimo yo kubaka sitasiyo za 5G ibuza cyangwa isubika, mu gihe binatuma ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’uburezi rusange burushaho gukemuka.
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, imijyi na leta zimwe na zimwe zamaze gushyiraho amabwiriza yo kubangamira cyangwa gutinza imirimo yo kubaka sitasiyo za 5G bitewe n’impungenge z’abaturage. Ibi bituma abahanga mu bya siyansi bakora ubushakashatsi burambuye no guha abaturage amakuru nyayo yerekeye imirasire ya 5G. Ariko, impungenge z’abaturage ziracyasaba ko habaho itumanaho n’uburezi bihoraho kugira ngo hubakwe icyizere kandi bikemurwe ibibazo. Ingorane z’impungenge z’abaturage zirimo kandi ingaruka z’ubutumwa bw’itangazamakuru, ibintu bitazwi neza mu bushakashatsi ku buzima, n’ibiganiro hagati ya za guverinoma n’abaturage.
Nubwo imbogamizi zijyanye na 5G Advanced zirimo ibintu bitandukanye kandi bigoye, imbogamizi zijyana na 5G Advanced nazo zitanga amahirwe menshi. Mu gutsinda izi mbogamizi, dushobora koroshya ikoreshwa rya 5G Advanced mu guhindura uburyo bwacu bwo gutumanaho, guhanga andi mahirwe y'ubucuruzi, kongera ireme ry'ubuzima, no guteza imbere sosiyete. 5G Advanced yamaze guhindura uburyo dutumanaho, kandi izakomeza kutuyobora mu gihe kizaza cy'ikoranabuhanga, ifunguye amarembo mashya y'itumanaho ry'ejo hazaza, interineti y'ibintu, n'ibikoresho bishya.
Concept Microwave ni uruganda rw'umwuga rukora ibice bya 5G RF mu Bushinwa, birimo RF lowpass filter, highpass filter, bandpass filter, notch filter/band stop filter, duplexer, Power divider na directional coupler. Byose bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 13-2023